There are many reasons for the failure of SKF thrust ball bearings. All the influencing factors of the design and manufacturing process will be related to the failure of thrust ball bearings, and it is not easy to judge by analysis. In general, it can be considered and analyzed from two aspects of usage factors and internal factors.
The use factor mainly refers to whether the installation and adjustment, use and maintenance, maintenance and repair meet the technical requirements. Installation conditions are one of the primary factors in the use of factors. Thrust ball bearings often change due to improper installation, resulting in a change in the state of force between the components of the thrust ball bearings. Thrust ball bearings operate in an abnormal state and fail early. . According to the technical requirements of thrust ball bearing installation, use, maintenance and maintenance, monitor and check the load, speed, operating temperature, vibration, noise and lubrication conditions of thrust ball bearings in operation. Adjust to return to normal. In addition, it is also important to analyze the quality of the grease and the surrounding media and atmosphere. ERIC BEARING SKF 2310/C3 online , pls click here :
The internal factors mainly refer to the three major factors that determine the quality of thrust ball bearings, such as structural design, manufacturing process and material quality.
First of all, the reasonable structural design and advanced nature will have a longer life of thrust ball bearings. The manufacture of thrust ball bearings generally goes through multiple processes such as forging, heat treatment, turning, grinding and assembly. The rationality, advancement and stability of each processing technology will also affect the life of thrust ball bearings. Among them, the heat treatment and grinding processes that affect the quality of the finished thrust ball bearings often have a more direct relationship with the failure of the thrust ball bearings. In recent years, research on the working surface metamorphic layer of thrust ball bearings shows that the grinding process is closely related to the surface quality of thrust ball bearings.
The metallurgical quality of SKF thrust ball bearing materials used to be the main factor affecting the early failure of rolling thrust ball bearings. With the advancement of metallurgical technology (such as vacuum degassing of thrust ball bearing steel), the quality of raw materials has been improved. The proportion of raw material quality factors in the thrust ball bearing failure analysis has decreased significantly, but it is still one of the main factors affecting the thrust ball bearing failure. Proper material selection is still a factor that must be considered in the thrust ball bearing failure analysis.
The main task of SKF thrust ball bearing failure analysis is to find out the main factors that cause thrust ball bearing failure based on a large number of background materials, analysis data and failure forms, so as to propose targeted improvement measures and extend the service life of thrust ball bearings , To avoid sudden early failure of thrust ball bearings.
Checking the vibration and temperature of thrust ball bearings
1. Vibration of thrust ball bearings
Thrust ball bearing vibration is very sensitive to bearing damage, such as flaking, indentation, corrosion, cracks, wear, etc. will be reflected in the skf bearing vibration measurement, so, by using a special bearing vibration measuring device (frequency analyzer, etc.) The magnitude of the vibration is measured, and the specific circumstances of the abnormality cannot be inferred from the frequency points. The measured value differs depending on the use condition of the bearing or the installation position of the sensor, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and compare the measured value of each machine in advance to determine the judgment standard.
2. Temperature of thrust ball bearing
The temperature of the thrust ball bearing can generally be inferred from the temperature outside the bearing. If the oil hole can be used to directly measure the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing, it is more suitable.
Generally, the temperature of the skf bearing starts to rise slowly with the operation of the bearing, and reaches a stable state after 1-2 hours. The normal temperature of the bearing varies with the heat capacity, heat dissipation, speed and load of the machine. If the lubrication and installation parts are appropriate, the bearing temperature will rise sharply and abnormally high temperatures will appear. At this time, the operation must be stopped and necessary precautions must be taken.
The thermal sensor can be used to monitor the working temperature of the bearing at any time, and to automatically alarm or stop when the temperature exceeds the specified value to prevent burning shaft accidents.
High temperature often indicates that the bearing is in an abnormal condition. High temperature is also harmful to skf bearing lubricants. Sometimes overheating of bearings can be attributed to bearing lubricants. Long-term continuous rotation of bearings at temperatures exceeding 125 ° C will reduce bearing life. The causes of high-temperature bearings include: insufficient lubrication or excessive lubrication, lubricants. It contains impurities, excessive load, skf bearing damage ring, insufficient clearance, high friction caused by oil seal and so on.
Therefore, continuous monitoring of skf bearing temperature is necessary, whether it is measuring the bearing itself or other important parts. If the operating conditions remain unchanged, any temperature change may indicate that a failure has occurred.
The skf bearing temperature can be measured regularly with the help of a thermometer, such as a digital thermometer, which can accurately measure the bearing temperature and display it in units of ℃ or Fahrenheit.
Under normal circumstances, skf bearings will have a natural temperature rise immediately after lubrication or relubrication and last for one or two days.
If it is found that the temperature is very high, then quickly stop the operation of the equipment, and then find out the cause, and deal with it according to the solution provided above. Therefore, it is still necessary to deal with specific situations and complete them with the help of technical staff.
If you carefully observe the running trajectory, you will know that it only bears radial loads, bears large axial loads, bears moment loads, or has extreme rigidity unevenness on the bearing housing. You can check whether the thrust ball bearing is added with unexpected loads and whether the installation error is too large, etc., and become a clue to the cause of the damage to the spherical bearing.
Lubrication is very important, not only for thrust ball bearings, but also for all bearings. But please note that the bearing should not add too much grease. Then it is time to change the lubricant of the bearing. Thrust ball bearings lubricated with engine oil should be filled with fresh engine oil and let the machine rotate at low speed for a few minutes after the old engine oil has been drained. As much as possible, let the engine oil collect the remaining contaminants, and then drain off the engine oil. When replacing the grease with thrust ball bearings lubricated with grease, the Qiao remover used should avoid contact with the cotton material to any part of the outer spherical bearing. Because these residual fibers may be wedged between the rolling parts and cause damage, especially the application of small bearings needs to pay attention to this problem.
When using skf bearings, if you want to use them, you must check the thrust ball bearings, check the vibration amplitude and sound, temperature, lubricant conditions (color and viscosity changes, whether there are foreign objects). Remember, the amount of lubricant must be moderate, more waste, less can not play its due role, in the process of use, do not exceed the limit speed, damage due to overheating or burns, if the operating temperature exceeds 100 degrees, then The oil should be changed about 2-3 times a year.
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